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bachelor's degree
A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin ''baccalarius'') or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin ''baccalaureatus'') is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years (depending on institution and academic discipline). In some cases, it may also be the name of a second graduate degree, such as the Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.), Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.), Bachelor of Civil Law (B.C.L.), Bachelor of Music (B.Mus.), Bachelor of Philosophy (B.Phil.), or Bachelor of Sacred Theology (B.S.Th.) degrees, which in some countries are only offered after a first graduate/bachelor's degree.
The term "bachelor" in the 12th century referred to a knight bachelor, too young or poor to gather vassals under his own banner. By the end of the 13th century, it was also used by junior members of guilds or universities. By folk etymology or wordplay, the word ''baccalaureus'' came to be associated with ''bacca lauri'' ("laurel berry") in reference to laurels being awarded for academic success or honours.〔(Baccalaureate ) from the Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com). Retrieved 21 December 2011.〕
Under the British system, and those influenced by it, undergraduate academic degrees are differentiated either as ''pass degrees'' (also known in some areas as ''ordinary'' degrees) or as ''honours degrees'', the latter sometimes denoted by the appearance of "(Hons)" after the degree abbreviation. An honours degree generally requires a higher academic standard than a pass degree, and in some universities a fourth year of study. In some countries, e.g., Australia and Canada, the honours degree should not be confused with the "postgraduate" bachelor's degree "with honours" or the ''baccalaureatus cum honore'' degree. It is a consecutive academic degree, which is the continuation of a completed (honours) bachelor's degree program in the same field and is usually obtained in order to join a doctoral programme; it requires a minimum of one year, but may also take longer.
==Variations==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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